How long can an airline keep you on the plane during a tarmac delay?
The short answer
DOT says that at US airports an airline must give passengers a chance to get off the plane before 3 hours on domestic flights and 4 hours on international flights. Exceptions are limited to safety, security or air traffic control reasons.
Time limits
A tarmac delay is when an aircraft on the ground is waiting for takeoff or has just landed and passengers cannot get off. The rule covers delays at US airports and airlines that operate at least one aircraft with 30 or more seats to, from or within the US. It does not cover delays at foreign airports.
For departures, airlines must start moving the aircraft to a place where passengers can get off before 3 hours (domestic) or 4 hours (international). For arrivals, passengers must have an opportunity to get off before the same limits.
What you must be given
- A snack and drinking water no later than two hours after the delay starts, unless the pilot decides it is unsafe or a security matter.
- A status update when the delay goes beyond 30 minutes.
- Working toilets, comfortable cabin temperatures and adequate medical attention if needed.
- Airlines do not have to serve full meals.
If you choose to get off
DOT says an airline is not required to let you back on if you leave the plane during a tarmac delay. The flight may leave without you, and you may need to find another flight. Your checked bags may stay on board, so contact the airline about getting them back. Do not exit unless the airline says it is safe. Rules change, check the official page before you travel.
Sources: DOT: Tarmac Delays. Read 5 November 2026. Rules and fees change, so check the official page before you travel.
Frequently asked questions
Does the rule apply to foreign airports?
No. DOT says its rule applies only to tarmac delays at US airports.
Do airlines have to serve a meal?
No. DOT says airlines do not have to serve full meals, but must provide a snack and drinking water after two hours.
Can the airline hold me longer than 3 hours?
DOT says exceptions are allowed only for safety, security or air traffic control reasons.
When must I be told about the delay?
DOT says airlines must give a status notification when the delay exceeds 30 minutes.