What are the DOT rules for service animals on flights?
The short answer
Under the Air Carrier Access Act, DOT defines a service animal as a dog trained to do work or tasks for a person with a disability. Emotional support animals, other species and service animals in training are not service animals. Airlines must accept service dogs on flights to, within and from the US.
What counts as a service animal
DOT says a service animal is a dog, regardless of breed or type, that is individually trained to do work or perform tasks for a qualified person with a physical, sensory, psychiatric, intellectual or other mental disability. Airlines are not required to carry other species, though they may choose to.
Paperwork airlines can ask for
Airlines may require a US DOT form about the animal's health, behavior and training. For flights of 8 hours or more, they may also require a DOT form saying the animal cannot relieve itself or can do so in a sanitary way.
DOT says airlines may not require other documents, except to meet rules of a federal agency, a US territory or a foreign country.
When an airline can refuse a service dog
- It is too large or heavy to be accommodated in the cabin.
- It poses a direct threat to the health or safety of others.
- It causes a significant disruption in the cabin or at gate areas.
- It breaks health rules, for example it is barred from entering a US territory or foreign country.
- Required DOT forms were not provided.
On board
Your service animal must be allowed in the space under the seat in front of you. Certain small animals may sit on your lap if it can be done safely. It cannot block an aisle or emergency exit access. The animal must behave properly. DOT says airlines cannot refuse an animal because it makes others uncomfortable. If you think your rights were violated, ask for the airline's Complaints Resolution Official. Rules change, check the official page before you travel.
Sources: DOT: Service Animals. Read 5 November 2026. Rules and fees change, so check the official page before you travel.
Frequently asked questions
Are emotional support animals service animals on flights?
No. DOT says emotional support animals, comfort animals and companionship animals are not service animals.
Can I bring a service dog in training?
DOT says service animals in training are not service animals under the rule.
Does the airline have to upgrade my seat for my dog?
No. DOT says an airline is not required to upgrade you to a different class to fit a service animal.
What if I fly to another country?
DOT says US airlines must follow the destination country's rules on service animals, and not all countries permit them.